C++ Programming

Overview of C++ and its features

Setting up the development environment

Structure of a C++ program

Compilation and execution process

Variables, constants, and data types

Input/output using cin and cout

Operators: arithmetic, relational, logical, and assignment

Conditional statements: if, else, switch

Looping: for, while, do-while

Jump statements: break, continue, goto

Function declaration and definition

Function overloading and inline functions

Recursion

Scope and lifetime of variables

One-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays

String handling and character arrays

Common string functions

Basics of pointers and pointer arithmetic

Dynamic memory allocation using new and delete

Pointers to arrays, functions, and objects

Classes and objects

Constructors and destructors

Inheritance (single, multiple, hierarchical, multilevel)

Polymorphism (compile-time and runtime)

Encapsulation and abstraction

Operator overloading

Friend functions and classes

Virtual functions and pure virtual functions

Abstract classes

Function templates and class templates

STL containers: vector, list, map

Iterators and algorithms

File input and output streams

Reading and writing to files

File operations and modes

Try, catch, throw keywords

Standard exceptions and custom exceptions

Mini projects like:

• Student Management System
• Banking System
• Simple Game (Tic-Tac-Toe)